How Long Does Registered Mark Protection Last?

This guide explores what trademarks are, how they can do good you and your arrangement, and why registration is important.

Understanding trademarks
Filing a trademark awarding
Registering a trademark outside Canada
Expungement of a trademark registration
Renewal fee
Utilize in Canada (section 45 proceedings)
Transfers
Marking requirements
Policing your trademark
Mutual errors
Example of a trademark application
Additional Information

one. Understanding trademarks

To succeed in the concern world, you need to transport the right message and develop the correct image. If people cannot pick your products or services out from the crowd, they might work with another person or company that is easier for them to notice.

In fact, some make names that got famous in the 1920s for being reliable and loftier quality are yet leaders today. That is because the public likes what it knows and trusts. Companies spend millions of dollars taking care of their corporate prototype.

A registered trademark is one style to protect your corporate image. Registering your trademark gives you legal title to it the way a act gives you lot championship to a piece of real estate.

What is a trademark? A trademark is a sign or combination of signs used or proposed to exist used past a person to distinguish their goods or services from those of others.

Over time, trademarks come up to stand for not only the bodily appurtenances or services a person or company provides, just also the reputation of the producer. Trademarks are very valuable intellectual property.

There are several types of trademarks:

An ordinary trademark includes words, designs, tastes, textures, moving images, mode of packaging, holograms, sounds, scents, 3-dimensional shapes, colours, or a combination of these used to distinguish the goods or services of i person or organization from those of others. For case, suppose you lot started a courier business that y'all chose to phone call Giddy-upwards. Y'all could register these words as a trademark (if you lot met all the legal requirements) for the service that you offer.
A certification marker can exist licensed to many people or companies for the purpose of showing that certain goods or services come across a divers standard. For instance, the Woolmark pattern, endemic past Woolmark Americas Ltd., is used on wear and other goods.

People occasionally confuse trademarks with patents, copyrights, industrial designs and integrated circuit topographies. Like trademarks, these others are forms of intellectual property. However, there are of import differences:

Trademarks may be one or a combination of words, sounds, designs, tastes, colours, textures, scents, moving images, three-dimensional shapes, modes of packaging or holograms, used to distinguish the goods or services of 1 person or organization from those of others.
Patents cover new and useful inventions (product, composition, motorcar, process) or any new and useful comeback to an existing invention.
Copyright provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including estimator programs) and other subject-affair known as performer's performances, sound recordings and advice signals.
Industrial designs are the visual features of shape, configuration, blueprint or ornament, or any combination of these features applied to a finished commodity.
Integrated circuit topographies are the three-dimensional configurations of electronic circuits embodied in integrated excursion products or layout designs.

Trade name vs. trademark

A trade name is the proper noun of your business. A trade name tin be registered under the Trademarks Act just if it is as well used as a trademark; that is, if it is used to identify goods or services.

For case, let the states suppose that y'all ain an water ice cream business organization and that your company is chosen "A.B.C. Ltd.".

Example 1: People know your ice foam under the name "A.B.C. Ltd." because you use this name as a trademark that you identify on your ice cream. You can therefore utilise to annals the trade name "A.B.C. Ltd." as a trademark.

Example ii: People know your ice cream by the name "Northward Pole", which is what y'all use to promote your product. Even though the name of your company is "A.B.C. Ltd," no one thinks of that name when they think of what yous sell. In that case, the proper name "A.B.C. Ltd." is not beingness used as a trademark but rather as a trade name.

Note: A trademark registration may be cancelled if someone else in Canada has fabricated use of a similar trade name or trademark in the past.

Registered trademark vs. unregistered trademark

When you register your trademark, yous become the sole right to apply the mark across Canada for 10 years. Y'all tin can renew your trademark every 10 years after that.

A registered trademark is ane that has been entered in the Register of Trademarks. The document of registration is direct evidence that you ain the trademark.

You do not accept to register your trademark; past using a trademark for a sure length of time, you lot may have rights nether mutual police. However, if you lot employ an unregistered trademark and end upwardly in a dispute, y'all could be looking at a long, expensive legal battle over who has the right to use it. If you fail to actually apply the marking for a long time, your registration may exist taken off of the Register of Trademarks, which will make it more hard to prove legal ownership of the trademark.

Read nigh how to register trademarks outside of Canada subsequently in this Guide.

What you can and cannot register every bit a trademark

What y'all can register

Y'all tin can register any trademark that does not contravene the Trademarks Act. For more detailed information, encounter the Trademarks Act.

What you tin can't register

Trademarks that are generally unregistrable include the following:

Names and surnames

A trademark may non be registered if it is zilch more than than a name or surname.

An exception is if you tin prove that your appurtenances or services have get well known under the name or surname then that the word has caused a second meaning in the public mind.

Clearly descriptive marks

You may non register a trademark that clearly describes a characteristic or quality of your goods or services.

For example, the words "sweet" for water ice cream, "juicy" for apples, and "perfectly make clean" for dry-cleaner services could non be registered as trademarks. All apples could be described equally "juicy" and all ice cream as "sweet"; these are natural characteristics of the items. If you were allowed to register these words, no other apple sellers or ice cream vendors could use them to promote their goods, and that would be unfair. But, again, if y'all tin can establish that "Sugariness Water ice Cream" has become so well known that people volition immediately think of your product (and no one else'due south) when they read or hear these words, yous may be immune to register the trademark.

Deceptively misdescriptive marks

You cannot register a trademark that is deceptively misleading. For example, yous could not register "cane sugar" for candy sweetened with artificial sweetener or "air express" for a courier service that uses ground transportation.

Place of origin

Y'all may not register a trademark that describes the geographical location where the goods or services come from. Allowing you to use such identify names as your trademark would mean y'all are the merely ane who can use the geographical identify proper name, and that would be unfair to others who trade in that place. For instance, yous could non register "Italian republic" for lasagna.

As well, y'all may not register a word that misleads the public into thinking that the goods or services come from a sure place when they do not. For example, you lot could not annals "Paris Fashions" or "Denmark Furniture" as a trademark for goods or services if they did not come from there.

Words in other languages

You may not register trademarks that are the proper name, in whatever language, of the goods or services associated with your trademark. For instance, y'all would not be able to register the word "gelato" (Italian for "ice cream") in association with frozen confections; "anorak" (Inuktitut for "parka") in association with outerwear; or "wurst" (German for "sausage") in association with meat.

Confusing with a registered or pending trademark

Beware of trademarks that are similar to another trademark that is registered or is the subject of a previously-filed application. If your trademark is confusingly similar to a registered trademark or a pending trademark, it will exist refused.

Trademark examiners look at many things when they make up one's mind whether trademarks are confusing, including:

whether the trademarks wait or audio alike and whether they advise like ideas
whether the trademarks are used to market similar appurtenances or services

Let'southward go back to the example of "Northward Pole" ice cream. Suppose another company were manufacturing and selling frozen-water products nether the registered trademark "South Pole." The public could easily think that "North Pole" and "Southward Pole" products are made and sold by the aforementioned company, and may expect that the trademarks would be owned by the same organization. That could hateful your application to register "North Pole" would be turned down considering information technology could cause defoliation with the registered mark "Due south Pole," which is owned by another company.

For more information on confusingly similar trademarks, you can refer to subsection 6(5) of the Trademarks Human action.

Trademarks that are identical to, or likely to be mistaken for, prohibited marks

You may not register a trademark that is identical or like to certain official marks unless yous have the permission from the organization that controls the marker. These official marks include:

official government designs (e.grand., the Canadian flag)
coats of arms of the Imperial Family
badges and crests such as those of the Canadian Armed Forces and the messages RCMP
emblems and names of the Red Cross, the Red Crescent, and the Un
armorial bearings (coats of arms), flags and symbols of other countries
symbols of provinces, municipalities and public institutions

Bailiwick affair that is scandalous, obscene, or immoral is also not allowed. For example, your trademark may non include profane linguistic communication, obscene visuals or racial slurs.

You may not utilise portraits and signatures of living people or people who have died within the last 30 years. For instance, using the photograph of an existing rock grouping to promote your record store is not allowed unless you take their permission.

A few other things you cannot do

You cannot annals a trademark if it consists of a plant diversity denomination (when a right is granted to the possessor for command over the multiplying and selling of reproductive textile for a detail establish variety) or is a marker then nearly resembling a plant variety denomination that it is likely to exist mistaken for it, where the application covers the plant variety or some other institute diversity of the aforementioned species.

You cannot register a trademark that indicates the geographical origin of a wine, spirit, or agricultural production or food unless your goods are from that geographical area. For example, you could not register the trademark "Okanagan Valley" if the vino you are making is from Ontario.

Who can apply for registration?

In order to be entitled to registration of a trademark, an applicant must exist a "person". A "person" may be an private, partnership, merchandise union, clan, joint venture, or corporation. An applicant can include ii or more persons, for example "John Doe, Jane Smith".

How long does registration last?

Your registration lasts for x years from the appointment of registration. You may renew it every 10 years after that for a fee.

How much does an awarding price?

You must pay an application fee when submitting your application for the registration of a trademark.

What to consider earlier filing an awarding

This guide will give you the basic data you lot need to file a trademark application. Withal, the Registrar cannot write your application for y'all, give you legal or business advice, or do a search of trademarks for you lot.

Search the Canadian Trademarks Database

A practiced offset step is to exercise a search of existing trademarks to check whether your trademark could exist confusing with someone else's. You do non have to practise this, but it will help you lot know whether similar trademarks exist. If they do, you could end up infringing on someone's trademark, which could land you in court.

You tin can exercise a search through the Canadian Trademarks Database. The listings comprehend trademarks (agile and inactive), official marks and prohibited marks. Every bit shortly as the Registrar receives your application, it also becomes part of the public tape.

To do a proper search, you will take to check for different possible versions of the trademark that yous want to register. For a standard character trademark (word or words), you lot should wait for all possible spellings, including in French. For example, if your trademark is "North Pole," you would search for "North", "Nord", and "Pole."

To beginning your search, visit the Canadian Trademarks Database. Use our tutorial to make the nearly of your search.

Search merchandise names

Before you go any further, you should also search merchandise names. Trade names are often used every bit trademarks - fifty-fifty if they are non registered.

Example of search trade names

The name of your visitor is "North Pole." A visitor called "Due south Pole" has never filed for trademark registration. However, if the name "South Pole" has get known for frozen-water products, the visitor could argue that it has rights in the name "South Pole" as a trade proper name and also as a trademark.

The Registrar would not have the proper name "Southward Pole" in its trademark records because it does not register merchandise names. "South Pole", however, could easily find out that you are using "North Pole", either by doing a search of the Registrar's records or past seeing your awarding published in the Trademarks Periodical on the website of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office. "South Pole" may then challenge your application during the opposition stage in the registration process.

Delight note that merchandise names tin can exist recorded separately in each province under provincial legislation. Therefore, in that location is no unmarried, complete listing of trade names in Canada.

Since searching trade names tin can be quite complex, we suggest that yous hire a trademark agent to practice the work for you.

Consider hiring a registered trademark agent

Preparing and following through on your trademark application can exist a complex procedure. Whoever does it needs a lot of knowledge almost trademark law and how the Registrar's office works.

Beware of unregistered trademark agents! They are not authorized to stand for applicants in the prosecution of trademarks applications.

A trademark agent will make sure that your application is properly written then that your trademark will be protected. This is especially important if someone challenges your right to the trademark. You do not have to hire an agent but it is oft advisable to do so.

One time you have an agent, the Registrar will correspond with that person. If you cancel that arrangement, the Office volition so correspond with you straight. You may modify trademark agents or choose to no longer have one at any time.

Consult the list of registered trademark agents should you wish to hire a registered trademark amanuensis to handle your file.

ii. Filing a trademark application

Preparing a trademark awarding

A complete awarding includes:

the name and mailing address of the applicant
a representation or description, or both, of the trademark
a statement in specific and ordinary commercial terms of the goods and services associated with the trademark
the statement of goods and services grouped according to the Nice Classification
the application fee
any other requirements specific to the blazon of trademark sought to exist registered

You must file a separate application for each trademark that you wish to register. However, ane application can cover a number of goods or services for a given trademark.

Representation or description

Your awarding must include a representation or description, or both, of the trademark which clearly indicates what is being sought for registration.

The representation may contain more one view of the trademark if multiple views are necessary for the trademark to exist clearly divers. In addition, the representation must non exceed 8cmx8cm in size.

For colour trademarks or trademarks that are challenge colour(s) as a feature, representations must be submitted in color, forth with a description of the colour(southward) and where they announced in the trademark.

For sound and moving image trademarks, an electronic representation and a clarification of the trademark is required.

For more information on the representation and description requirements for non-traditional trademarks, please refer to the Practice discover on non-traditional trademarks.

Annotation: If you wish to proceed your trademark registered, y'all must register your trademark the way you will employ it. In other words, you lot must non change it in whatever way, including changing the colour as you described it in your awarding.

Application fees

When you ship u.s.a. an awarding to register a trademark, you must pay the application fee. The fee is made up of the base of operations fee which includes one class of goods or services and some other fee for each boosted class of goods or services.

You can pay by credit carte (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), direct payment, postal money order or bank check (postal money orders and cheques must be made payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver Full general for Canada). Do not add federal and provincial taxes.

Filing your application

You may file your application and pay the fee online or you may send your finished awarding with your payment by postal service.

Filing date

Once the Registrar has received your application, staff will review it to make sure it is complete. If anything is missing, we will contact yous to inquire for more information. In one case this process is finished, we will acknowledge that we have received your application and requite it a filing date - that is, the date on which your application met all the filing requirements. This filing date is important since it is the date used to assess who is entitled to registration in the case of defoliation between co-pending trademarks.

You may change your application in some ways after you have filed it. Notwithstanding, not all changes are acceptable. Sure changes volition mean y'all have to file a new application.

The examination process

After the Office receives your application and grants it a filing date, we:

search the trademark database to find any registered or awaiting trademark that is disruptive with your trademark (if nosotros find ane, nosotros will inform you)
examine the awarding to make certain information technology does not contravene the Trademarks Act and Regulations, raise whatever objection to registering your trademark and inform you of whatever outstanding requirements
publish the awarding in the Trademarks Journal subsequently which the public may file an opposition (challenge) to your application
register your trademark if no one opposes to your awarding (or if an opposition has been decided in your favour)

Examiners do a thorough search of the trademarks database to brand sure that your trademark does non disharmonize with one already filed or registered.

Examination

The examiner assigned to your file reviews the search results, determines if the trademark is registrable, and decides whether your awarding can be approved for ad. The examiner will allow you or your agent know of any objections, if there are any. Y'all and then accept a gamble to respond. If your answers practice not satisfy the examiner, you will get a letter explaining that your application has been refused and telling you lot why. If you receive a refusal, you have the right to appeal to the Federal Courtroom of Canada.

Note: In that location is no special form for responding to an examiner's report unless you are asked to send a revised application.

Pre-publication search

Before a trademark is advertised in the Trademarks Journal, the examiner performs 2d search (a pre-publication search) to make sure that no one has recently registered or applied for a trademark that would disharmonize with the one you want to register. If there is a disharmonize, the Registrar will tell you or your amanuensis and ask for your comments.

Publication

If the pre-publication search does not prove any new confusing trademarks, we will advertise the awarding in the Trademarks Journal published on our website every Wed. The Journal is the official publication that lists every application that has been approved for advertisement in Canada. Information technology gives data well-nigh an application, including the name and accost of the applicant, the file number, the filing date, the trademark, and the associated goods and services. By advertising applications, we give others a chance to object to them before they are registered.

Opposition

Any person tin oppose a trademark application advertised in the Trademarks Journal . The person must file either a statement of opposition or a request asking for more time to oppose within two months of the advertisement. The proper fee must be sent with the argument of opposition or the asking for more time. The Registrar volition not allow any opposition that we consider to be frivolous.

If your awarding is opposed and you do non already take an agent, we urge you lot to hire ane at this point. The same is true if yous wish to oppose someone else's awarding. You can discover a list of agents here.

Opposition is a circuitous and frequently long process. Opposition proceedings are adversarial in nature and similar to courtroom proceedings. Both parties may file evidence and written representations, cantankerous-examine the evidence of the other political party, and appear at an oral hearing. Later on a final conclusion is fabricated, it may be appealed to the Federal Court of Canada.

For more than information, visit the Trademarks Opposition Board (TMOB) spider web pages on opposition proceedings or contact united states of america.

Registration

If at that place is no opposition, or if an opposition has been decided in your favour, the Registrar will annals your application and will not wait at any further challenges. The Registrar will transport you lot a certificate of registration and enter the trademark in the Register of Trademarks.

Abandonment

If you exercise not respond to an examiner's report, the Registrar may consider your application to be abandoned. Before this happens, the Registrar volition notify you and give you a chance to correct the situation inside a specific fourth dimension flow. If yous do not respond within that fourth dimension, you will have to file a new application (along with some other fee).

Note: If yous practice not notify the Registrar of a change of accost, the Registrar is not responsible for whatever correspondence that you or your agent do not receive.

Communicating with the Role of the Registrar of Trademarks

Business with the Role of the Registrar of Trademarks is normally done in writing. All newspaper correspondence should be addressed to:

Part of the Registrar of Trademarks
Canadian Intellectual Property Office
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Place du Portage I
fifty Victoria Street, Room C114
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

Correspondence about opposition or summary expungement (section 45 of the Trademarks Deed) must be clearly marked "Attention Opposition Board" or "Attention: Section 45 Proceedings", depending on the contents of the letter, and addressed to:

Trademarks Opposition Board
Canadian Intellectual Property Office
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Place du Portage I
50 Victoria Street
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

For more information, please consult CIPO's correspondence procedures.

If you are asking about the status of your awarding and information technology has not yet been given to an examiner, you should contact the Client Service Centre. If your application has been given to an examiner, delight use the contact number on the report sent to y'all past that examiner.

The Registrar volition respond to all questions, but cannot:

search the Canadian Trademarks Database for you lot
submit documents for registering transfers of ownership
give you legal advice, other than telling you about the Trademarks Human action, the Trademarks Regulations, and other information that you can go on our website

To discover out the status of active opposition or summary expungement files, please see the Canadian Trademarks Database.

Electronic services

You can use our electronic services to:

file a trademark application
file an amended trademark application
grouping the goods and services of a registration according to the classes of the Nice Nomenclature system
renew a trademark registration
request copies of trademark documents

Y'all tin utilise the TMOB's online web application to:

Opposition proceedings

file a statement of opposition
file a counter argument
submit the opponent'southward prove, or statement
submit the bidder's show, or statement
submit the opponent's reply show
submit the opponent's written representations, or argument
submit the applicant's written representations, or statement
request a hearing
request an extension of time

Section 45 proceedings

request a section 45 notice
submit the registered owner'due south evidence, or statement
submit the requesting party's written representations, or statement
submit the registered possessor'due south written representations, or statement
request a hearing
request an extension of time

three. Registering a trademark exterior Canada

Registering your trademark with the Registrar protects your rights in Canada only. If y'all wish to market appurtenances or services in other countries, you lot should think about getting trademark registration(s) at that place every bit well. For more data, delight refer to the International Trademarks under the Madrid Protocol or contact a trademark amanuensis.

4. Expungement of a trademark registration

When someone registers a trademark, they gain a very valuable right. However, they tin can lose that right (expungement, or removal, from the Annals of Trademarks) unless they carry out specific responsibilities. A trademark registration can exist expunged for several reasons, including: the trademark losing its distinctiveness, abandonment of the trademark, and not-use of the trademark.

Delight contact CIPO'due south Client Service Centre if you need more information.

5. Renewal fee

To maintain your trademark registration, you lot are required to pay a renewal fee every 10 years. If you do not, your trademark will be expunged from the Annals of Trademarks. The Registrar will send yous a find with information almost your payment deadline.

6. Use in Canada (department 45 proceedings)

Another of your responsibilities as the possessor of a trademark is to utilise the trademark in Canada. If yous do not utilize it, the registration could exist expunged from the Register of Trademarks by the Registrar. The Registrar could first summary expungement proceedings, after iii years beginning on the day on which a trademark is registered, either on their own at any time during the life of the registration, or if another party pays the proper fee and asks them to.

The process begins when the Registrar sends a notice to the registered possessor request them to provide bear witness showing that the trademark has been used in Canada during the last 3 years or to evidence that there are special circumstances that excuse the fact that the trademark has non been used. If the possessor fails to answer to the Registrar, the trademark is liable to be expunged from the Register of Trademarks.

Once the Registrar has received the requested prove, the owner and the other party can send in written arguments and also appear at an oral hearing. After the Registrar has made a last conclusion to expunge, amend or maintain the registration, the owner or other party can appeal to the Federal Courtroom of Canada.

The process we have outlined here is complex. Nosotros recommend that yous use a registered trademarks agent to help you through information technology.

For more data, visit our web page on section 45 proceedings or contact united states.

seven. Transfers

A trademark is a course of property. Yous can sell, bequeath or transfer your rights to someone else through an assignment. To avert ownership disagreements, you should formally tell the Registrar well-nigh changes in ownership.

You lot should also tell the Registrar about annihilation else that affects the ownership a trademark, such equally a change of name or a business merger.

8. Marking requirements

In that location is no legal requirement to mark your trademark with whatever particular symbol. However, many owners utilise the following symbols to show that their trademark is registered:

R (registered)
TM (trademark)
SM (service mark)
MC (marque de commerce)

9. Policing your trademark

Information technology is up to yous to make sure nobody is using your trademark without your permission and to accept activity if someone does. You may wish to take activeness if you see a trademark or a merchandise proper noun that could be dislocated with your registered trademark, as yous do not want anyone imitating your trademark.

In that location is a proficient reason for this, beyond just the simulated. If your business is successful and someone imitates your trademark, it may be in danger of becoming a generic term. For instance, if consumers start saying "Northward Pole" when they mean whatever ice cream, in the same way that the trademark "attachment" is at present what most everyone says when they mean "slide fastener", the rights in your trademark may no longer be enforceable.

10. Common errors

Before you file your trademark application, take some fourth dimension to go through the post-obit checklist. The fewer errors you make, the more chop-chop your application volition go through.

Fee

Remember that each application must be accompanied by an application fee (not-refundable).

Note: You tin pay past credit card (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), directly payment, postal money order or cheque (the postal money order or cheque must be made payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver General for Canada). Practise not add federal and provincial taxes.

Appurtenances or services

Y'all may not apply a trademark registered by someone else to describe your goods or services. Many registered trademarks have become part of everyday language, but yous cannot utilize them to describe your goods or services. A few examples are "yo-yo," "bubble wrap," and "kleenex".

Make certain that you lot include all the goods or services with which y'all plan to use, or have used, your trademark, and that they are grouped according to the classes of the Nice Classification. Yous may not aggrandize the scope of appurtenances or services later you have filed the application.

The Trademarks Human action states that the description of the appurtenances or services you lot are applying for must be in specific and ordinary commercial terms. In other words, your application should apply common names for the goods and services and use diction that is as consummate and as specific as possible (e.g., shirts, staff of life, sofas, etc.). To aid you with this, the Goods and Services Manual list adequate diction for many goods and services. It likewise gives guidelines for how to identify goods and services not listed.

11. Example of a trademark application

To the Registrar of Trademarks, Gatineau, Canada.

The applicant, DEF Inc., whose total post office address of its main function or place of concern is 456 Number Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, D4E 5F6, applies for the registration of the trademark identified below.

The trademark is a design, the representation of which is shown below:

Representation of a trademark design

Statement of appurtenances and services

Class 25

Blouses, sweaters, pants, skirts, socks, underwear and pyjamas.

Form 35

Performance of an online retail wearable store; functioning of an online retail jewellery store.

Additional Information

Websites of involvement

The following are a few websites you may find helpful.

Full general interest

General interest

Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada

The Canadian Intellectual Property Office, which includes the Trademarks Function, is a special operating agency of Innovation, Science and Economical Development Canada.

Corporations Canada

Helps Canadians incorporate, maintain and operate businesses, non-for-profit corporations, and other corporate entities.

Canada Concern Network

This is a single admission signal for federal and provincial/territorial authorities services, programs and regulatory requirements for businesses.

Plant Breeders' Rights Part (Canadian Food Inspection Agency)

This office oversees the Plant Breeders' Rights Act and Constitute Breeders' Rights Regulations, which protect the legal right of constitute breeders for their new establish varieties.

Intellectual holding

Intellectual property

Canadian Trademarks Database

This is a searchable database of all active and inactive trademark applications and registrations in Canada. It also shows the status of all agile opposition and summary expungement (section 45) cases.

Trademarks Opposition Board

Oversees and provides information about trademark opposition and summary expungement proceedings (department 45 proceedings) in Canada.

WIPO Intellectual Property Digital Library

Provides admission to intellectual belongings data collections hosted past the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO).

U.s.a. Patent and Trademark Role—English content but

Processes patent and trademark applications and provides information, resources and services for trademarks and their registration in the United states of america.

Related acts and case constabulary

Related acts and case police force

Precious Metals Marking Human action

Sets out the rules for using quality marks for precious metals. This helps prevent the registration of trademarks that may exist misread as quality marks.

Bank Act

Regulates Canada'south chartered banks, and restricts the use of the term "banking services" in order to forestall unauthorized use of this term.

Canada Post Corporation Act

Regulates postal service in Canada and prohibits unauthorized use of words such as "mail service", "letter", and "post" and the unauthorized sale of postage stamp stamps.

Federal Court of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions fabricated by the judges of the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal.

Supreme Court of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions made past the Supreme Courtroom of Canada.